Estrés oxidativo, terapia antioxidante y cáncer

Tammy Alonso Diaz; Elizabeth Reyes Reyes; Janet Cueto González; Julién Martínez Carrasco

Estrés oxidativo, terapia antioxidante y cáncer

Tammy Alonso Diaz, Elizabeth Reyes Reyes, Janet Cueto González, Julién Martínez Carrasco

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Resumen

El estrés oxidativo es un desequilibrio bioquímico entre los radicales libres y los mecanismos de defensa antioxidantes de una célula. El cáncer es per se, una enfermedad inductora de estrés oxidativo debido a las alteraciones metabólicas de las células neoplásicas, la malnutrición y los tratamientos oncoespecíficos. El uso de antioxidantes podría evitar sus efectos sobre las células normales, pero al anular los efectos nocivos del estrés oxidativo sobre las células neoplásicas impediría la muerte celular programada y podría reducir la eficacia de los tratamientos. El artículo tiene como objetivo exponer los beneficios/perjuicios de la ingesta de agentes antioxidantes en los pacientes oncológicos. Se consultaron las bases de datos, PubMed, MedLine, BioMed Central y SciELO. Se seleccionaron artículos de revisión sobre el tema en los últimos cinco años, así como revisiones clásicas y meta-análisis que evaluaron la utilización de suplementos antioxidantes durante el tratamiento oncológico.

Palabras clave: cáncer; estrés oxidativo; antioxidantes; ozono.

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